The functional resume format is also known as a skills-based resume. This flexible, customizable layout works best for career changes, work gaps, freelancers and first time job seekers. Read our helpful guide and functional resume samples to prepare for your job search.

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What is a Functional Resume?

The functional resume is a skills-based resume that downplays your work history. You may ask, “what does a functional resume highlight?” A functional resume can highlight your skills, match them to the job posting and increase the chances of getting an interview, even without the required experience. This format allows you to market your knowledge and downplay potential red flags like a lack of formal expertise or career gaps.

A functional resume features the following resume sections:

  • Contact information
  • Resume summary
  • Summary of qualifications
  • Professional skills
  • (OPTIONAL) Additional skills
  • Work history
  • Education
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PRO TIP:

The functional resume places your formal work experience toward the bottom of the page and emphasizes your technical skills and abilities. Instead of starting with career highlights, a functional resume format allows you to explain how your career goals align with the position to which you are applying.

Recommendation letter format tips

A functional resume features multiple detailed skills sections.

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  • Contact information

    • A standard section at the top of a resume includes your name, number, email and location.
  • Resume summary

    • A three-sentence introduction to persuade recruiters to read your resume.
  • Summary of qualifications

    • Add three to four significant accomplishments related to job-specific skills.
  • Professional skills

    • Add multiple sections based on specific skill types like language, technical, programming or computer skills.
  • Work history

    • This simplified section lists previous job titles, employers and years of employment.
  • Education

    • This short section includes job-relevant degrees or certifications and dates of completion.

Who Should Use a Functional Resume?

Although the functional resume offers a professional strategy to share your skills and accomplishments, the customizable aspects of the format make it a risky choice for most job seekers. You should only use the functional resume if you fall under the following criteria.

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Do use a functional resume if these scenarios apply to you:

  • Recent graduates.
  • Changing careers.
  • Freelancers.
  • Have less than three years of experience in the industry.
  • Have gaps or many different jobs throughout their work history.
  • Reentering the workforce after a long absence.
  • Spent less than one year at two or more jobs.
  • Have a direct referral connection to an open job.
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Don’t use a functional resume if:

  • If you have over three years of experience.
  • Have little to no work gaps between jobs.
  • Followed a direct career path.
  • Wish to highlight promotions or career growth.

Try a different resume format

If you have 10 years or more of experience, try the chronological format. This resume format puts the greatest focus on your work experience, starting with the most recent job, and gives recruiters a clear overview of your top achievements.

Use a hybrid/combination resume if you have between three and nine years of experience. This type of resume combines the best of the chronological and functional formats, and promotes your expertise and skills.

These two formats are safer because they use five standard resume sections that are recruiter and ATS-friendly (applicant tracking systems.)

How to Write a Functional Resume

Before you start your resume, make a list of your skills organized by category or job title. Be ready to provide examples of how you used each skill to achieve your career goals. If you want additional information on how to nail the writing of each specific section, check out our Ultimate Guide on How to Write a Resume.

1. Add your contact information

Most resumes require the same contact information: full name, phone number, professional email address and general location. You can add information like job-relevant social media accounts or hyperlinks to your professional website or online portfolio as needed.

Sample functional resume contact information:

Matthew Bing

Graphic Designer

555-999-999

matt.bing@email.com

Austin, TX

2. Persuade with a resume summary

Most hiring managers spend less than seven seconds scanning your resume before they decide to read on or discard your application. A resume summary sits near the top of your resume to help you persuade hiring managers to review it carefully rather than toss it. Use a summary statement if you have over three years of experience in a related job field or a resume objective if you’re changing careers or have little related experience.

Example of a functional resume resume summary:

Talented Digital Graphic Designer with a strong focus on web page design, promo design and email marketing design. Skilled at creating visually appealing and effective digital assets. Seeking contract opportunities to leverage my expertise in enhancing online presence and driving engagement.

3. Add a summary of qualifications

Here’s where a functional resume veers from a timeline-based format like the chronological or combination resume. Instead of tying your accomplishments to previous jobs, you’ll use an optional summary of qualifications to outline three to four major skills or accomplishments from your entire experience history, followed by additional skills sections.

Here’s an example of an effective summary of qualifications from a freelancing graphic designer.

Functional resume sample:

Summary of Qualifications:

  • Created visually compelling promotional materials for marketing campaigns, leading to a 36% increase in click-through rates.

  • Produced email marketing designs that boosted open rates by 83% and drove higher conversion rates.

  • Spearheaded the design of interactive and user- friendly web pages. Partnered with engineers to reduce load time, resulting in a 42% increase in website traffic while maintaining consistent load times.

4. Highlight job-relevant skills

A summary of qualifications only covers a few job-relevant skills. You can create additional skills sections to highlight the rest of your skills, accomplishments and relevant responsibilities. You can list this information under skills sub-sections like interpersonal, soft, hard or technical skills. These skill sections will vary based on your career and relevant resume skills.

These two skills sections demonstrate how you can highlight additional accomplishments under job-specific sections to help promote your qualifications to hiring managers.

Functional resume examples of skills:

Design Skills

  • Designed engaging pop-up ads that improved website visitor engagement and generated 35% higher leads.

  • Crafted engaging email marketing visuals that contributed to a 57% growth in subscriber engagement.

  • Successfully managed multiple projects, ensuring on-time delivery and client satisfaction.

Marketing Skills

  • Collaborated closely with clients to understand their branding requirements and delivered tailored design solutions.

  • Conceptualized and executed promotional designs for product launches, resulting in a 39% increase in sales.

  • Designed attention-grabbing pop-up ads, increasing user interaction and sign-up rates.

5. Add a simple work history timeline

In the functional vs. chronological resume debate, this skills-based format helps you downplay employment red flags like short-term jobs, job hopping,and work gaps by only adding your previous job titles, employers and years of employment. Don’t add the months of employment or related job responsibilities. Instead, highlight your skills and job knowledge in the previous sections.

As you can see in the following example, this graphic designer shares their previous job titles and employers but reduced their employment dates to just the year.

Example of a functional resume work history:

Digital Graphic Designer (Contract)

Bay Leaf Marketing

2023

Digital Graphic Designer (Contract)

Southwest Digital marketing

2022

6. Include your education

The last section of your resume should include your academic degrees and certifications. You can see how this professional adds this information to the end of their functional format resume.

Sample functional resume education section:

Education:

Bachelor of Fine Arts in Graphic Design | University of Houston,

Houston, TX | May 2020

Certifications:

Adobe Certified Expert (ACE) in Adobe Creative Suite | Coursera | 2021

UX/UI Design Certification | Google | 2020

9 Functional Resume Examples

Functional Resume Template
[with Tips]

[Your Name]

[Your Address]

[City, State ZIP Code]

[Your Email Address]

[Your Phone Number]

[LinkedIn Profile URL]

Resume Summary

[Insert your summary here. This should be a brief statement highlighting your core qualifications and career goals.]

Summary of Qualifications

  • [Insert qualification #1]
  • [Insert qualification #2]
  • [Insert qualification #3]
  • [Insert qualification #4]

[Type of] Skills

  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 1]
  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 1]
  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 1]
  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 1]

[Type of] Skills

  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 2]
  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 2]
  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 2]
  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 2]

[Type of] Skills

  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 3]
  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 3]
  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 3]
  • [Add relevant accomplishment or responsibility related to Skill 3]

Work History

[Job Title #1] | [Company Name #1]

[Location], [Year]

[Job Title #2] | [Company Name #2]

[Location], [Year]

Education

[Degree Earned]

[University/College Name], [Location]

[Graduation Date]

  • [OPTIONAL: Add relevant coursework or academic achievements]
  • [OPTIONAL: Add any honors or awards received]
Technical skills

Customize With a Resume Builder

Although the previous resume template is a good starting point, you can improve your functional resume with professional document designs. Our Resume Builder features:

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    Over a dozen well-designed resume templates.
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    Professionally written text templates.
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    Customizable resume sections.
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    Ability to add more resume sections.
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    Step-by-step resume advice.
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    Built-in spell-check.
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Functional Resume FAQ

What does a functional resume highlight?

A functional resume highlights a job seeker's specific skills, qualifications and achievements rather than emphasizing their chronological work history. The functional format is structured to showcase relevant competencies, making it an effective choice for those with employment gaps or career-changers. This format helps employers quickly identify applicants' abilities and suitability for the job.

Visit our suggested words to describe yourself to help persuade hiring managers.

Who is a functional resume best for?

This format is best for job seekers with:

  • Non-linear career paths
  • Employment gaps
  • Career changers
  • Recent graduates
  • Entry level
  • Re-entering the workforce

Visit our no-experience resumes to learn how to create a job-winning resume — even without experience.

Why is a functional resume format best for students and teenagers?

Because this is a skill-based resume, the functional format works best when you have almost no work experience. It's ideal for students and teenagers because they are new to the job market.

Although a recent graduate may have little to no formal experience, the functional resume helps you highlight job-transferable skills. You can also use the functional resume to highlight academic accomplishments like extracurricular activities, volunteer work and certifications.

You can visit our high school resume templates to see how recent graduates describe themselves.

Why is a functional resume good for people with a gap since their last job?

The functional format deliberately adds more information about your responsibilities and achievements under skills-based sections to draw attention away from your work history. Because if it puts less emphasis on dates of employment and prioritizes your qualifications, this helps you prove yourself as a well-trained candidate.

Why avoid a functional resume?

Avoid a functional resume if you have a straightforward career history — hiring managers know that candidates use this to downplay work gaps.

Functional resumes can also be less effective in industries where a detailed work history is essential, such as senior or leadership positions, as they downplay past job titles and make it hard for employers to track your career growth.